Construction of measuring apparatus.



No. 855,846; PATENTED JUNE 4, 1907.

M. GEHRE; CONSTRUCTION OF MEASURING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 29, 1905.

2% 775.41% 771W wan/g a smaller opening.

on the one side or the contracted partor iii? STATES can on earn, NEAR. nosssiino o w f r t rr i his i:

Specification of Letters Eatsnt.

Application filed September 29,1905. Serial He; 280,626-

ib (1/67, whom vii/my con/c 1-72,:

Be it known that I, li/iAX Gauss, engineer, a subject of the Duke of Anhalt, residing at Bath, near Dusseldorf, in the country of the Rhine, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Construction of-ldeasurin'g App aratus, of which the following is a'iull, clear, and exact description.

The present invention relates to improvements in the construction of measuring apparatus depending on the flexion of springs and is intendeiil to be employed in such cases, where the bending or contracting of the spring does not increase in the same proportion as the quantity or the force to be measured.

Such apparatus is used for instance for measuring the quantity of steam, passing through a steam pipe. In this case the quantity of steam is measured by the difference betii'ecn thc---higherpressure existing on the one side of a contracted part of the steam pipe and the-lower-pressure on'the other side. The contracted part may cons st of a llangc, the inner diameter of which is smaller than that of the steam pipe or of a plate with it the pressure of steam i'lange remains the same, while the pressure on the other side continuously increases, the quantity of steam passing through said open- .ing does not increase in the same ratio as the dillcrcncc between both pressures as is well known. Thus a spring being bent or stretched b y the continually increasing pressure could not be used for moving or turning an indicating lever over a uniformly graduated scale because such spring would bend or stretch in direct proportion to the increasing steam pressure, while, as already men- I tioned, the quantity of steam passing through does not increase in direct proportion to the.

diilerence of the pressure.

The particular object of my invention is accomplished by an arrangement or device by which the eiiective free length of the spring is reduced step for step (in predeter- -m1ned' manner and according to the nature of the case) as the pressure-brought to bear upoufit rises. it said spring be formed 0; a

fiatstcel band I attain my purpose by letting- ED108111 agai st acurve shaped stop for in stance in oi" he spring will on :llifulQl n 1 gradually increase the lengthof the part with which it ened the more the spring is bent or stretched.

If a helical or any other curved spring be em: ployed, the piece with. the curved edge must have a 1 form to allow the spring to bear against it. I

If the device be applied to an apparatus for measuring the quantity of steam, the effective part of: the spring governing the position of the indicating lever, which itself serves to show on a scale the quantity of steam passing through the contracted part of the steam conduit, is shortened when the pressure of steam on the side of the higher pres sure increases. I

It will be easily understood, that the path or angle through which the indicating lever, which is connected to the sprng, travels on its scale, will be shorter the more the pressure of steam increases, while showing the quantity correctly.-

In the annexed drawings Figurel illustrates the fiexion of a spring a, which ilexion Patented June It, 1907. p

is equal forevery'unit of additional pressure,

' ally illustrated the curve d in Fig. 3. Fig.

3 is a graphical illustration of the flexion oi the spring in the cases of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of steam pipe through which a current of steam passes and the quantity of which current is desired to be measured- The pipe is restricted-0r contracted at some point as shown, and pipes 93 and v are topped on either side of such re stricted portion. Fig. 5 shows anapparatus connected by a tube a: with the part of the steam pipe in Fig. a before the contraction where the higher pressure prevails and by the tube .1) with the part after the contraction viz: the lower pressure.

The tuber leads to the upper part and the annular space 71,, which is filled with quick silver or any other suitable liquid.

On the side oi the cylinder 1 is fixed a cock at with a funnel 7r, which may be used for. filling in the quicksilver.

Thepiston rod a passing through a. guiding sleeve? is provided at itsupper endwith two ins 3 and 4 of which the formerengages the iiever t and the latter presses down the spring which is securely clamped between the metal pieces 9 by a screw 5. The axle s of the lever t passes through one of the vertical walls of the casing r the bottom of which .forms the lid of the cylinder y.

. In order to avoid having the results viti atedby smallquantities of steam escaping through the guiding sleeve 2, I propose to have the pressures equalized in the casing or chamber 1' and above the piston to. This is readily accomplished by means of a hole 23 in the cover of the cylinder '3 Beneath the spring a is fixeda plate I), the upper edge of which is curved in a suitable manner determined by the particular circumstances oi the case.

At the outer end of the axle s is provided the indicating lever which plays on a scale; both scale and, lever being invisible in Fig. 5. An instrument as shown in Fig. can be used in measuring the qu entities of steam, feeding .a steam. engine when the latter is to be driven with diil erent power or speed, the said intermediate ilange contracted part being then provided in themain steampipe of said enginc.

* The apparatu'sncts as follows: The steam entering by the tube as having the higher pressure, thisWill prevail on the upper side of the bell-shaped piston w and tend to bend the spring a downward by means of the piston rod u according to the difference of pressure existing above and below the piston I I w, the two sides of the piston not communieating with. each other as they are separated by the quicksilver in the annulargroove n. The more the difference of pressure increases, the more the spring a, is bent down and its etlective length shortened, it gradually bears more and more against the curved edge of the plate I). As the pressure rises, the distance through which the spring is capable of bending becomes smaller and smaller so that it is flexed a smaller distance fora certain vincrement of "steam pressure than before.

lts ilexure, however, corresponds with the quantity oi steam passing through the steam pipe for the particularpressure, and the dial therefore indicates this quantity upon a uni- 'i'orurly graduatml scale. This result attained by .uahing tl curvature of the block i) in such a way that it gives the proper amount of resistance to the spring cat each. moment A practical way of securing this result would be to have a nurhber of adjustsac able stops in place'oi tlia bloc[i Fifitlrefirstgg would describe and make the block b of corresponding shape.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by-Letters-Patent is:

1. In agage forindicating volume measurements a spring rigidly supported at one end, a support beneath such spring such -su port forming a continuous curve whereby t e effective length of said spring becomes 0on tinuously shortened as it isbent over said a support, a piston acting on the free end of said spring, a cylinder containing suchplston, two tubes respectively connected to the ends of thecylinder and adapted to lead fluid into such cylinder, asset forth.

2. In a gage for indicating volume measurements a fiat spring rigidly fixed at one end,

a support beneath such spring such' support forming a continuous curve whereby the effective lengthof'said spring becomes continuously shortened as it is bent oversaid support, a piston acting on the free end of said spring, a cylinder containing suclrpiston, two tubes respectively connected to the ends of the cylinder and adapted "to lead fluid into such eylinder,as set forth.

3. In a, gage for indicating volume measurements, a spring, rigidly fixed at one end, a support beneath such spring, such su port forming a continuous curve whereby t e efagainst the upper side 0? said piston, another who arranged to lead fl'uid of lower pressure against the lower side of sald piston, said outer cylinder having a fluid contained therein and adapted to fill the narrow space between. the bell-shaped part of the piston and the outer and inner cylinder, as set forth.

4. In a gage for indicating volume measurements, a llat spring rigidly supported at one end, a support beneath such spring, such support forming a continuous curvewhereby.

the el'leetive lcugth of said spring becomes continuously"shortened as it is bent over said support, a piston having a bell-shaped lower side and acting on the free end of said spring, an outer cylinder containing such piston, an inner cylinder engaging the bell-shaped lower side of said piston and'being fixedly con nectodto the outer cylinder, a tube containing fluid of high pressure andarranged to lead such fiuld against the upper side of said piston, another tube arranged to lead fluid of I a In witness whereof, I subscribe my signalower pressure against the lower side of said ture, in presence of two Witnesses. piston, said outer cylinder having a fluid contained therein and adapted to fill the narrow MAX 5 space between the bell-shaped part of the Witnesses:

piston and the outer and inner cylinder, as 7 WILLIAM ESSENWEIN,

set forth. I 1 I MARGARETE GRATKES. 

